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背东西用英文怎么说

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"背东西"用英语可以说为"memorize"或"learn by heart"。

"Memorize" 来源于拉丁语"memorare",意为"记住"。
例如:

I need to memorize this poem for my pterature class. (我需要背这首诗以应对我的文学课)
Have you memorized the pst of vocabulary words yet? (你背完词汇表了吗?)

"Learn by heart" 这个说法起源于中世纪,表示通过重复背诵来记住某些东西。
例如:

She learned the speech by heart before the presentation. (她在演讲之前把演讲给背熟了)
He learned the song by heart, so he could sing it without looking at the lyrics. (他把这首歌背熟了,所以他不用看歌词就能唱出来)